Escape Campus
Back to syllabus
Lesson 35
Describing & Verb Patterns
B1+

VerbPatterns

-ing or to + infinitive · enjoy doing · decide to do · stop doing / stop to do

60 min Grammar core

Your level · You are here

  1. A0/A1Beginner
  2. A1/A2Elementary
  3. A2/B1Pre-Intermediate
  4. B1/B1+Intermediate
  5. B2Upper-Intermediate
  6. C1Advanced
  7. C2Proficiency

Get Talking · Section 1

5 min

Start the conversation

reflection
Things you avoid

What's something you always avoid doing, even though you know you shouldn't?

discussion
A habit you stopped

Tell a partner about a habit you managed to stop. How did you do it?

activity
Quick brainstorm

In one minute, list as many verbs as you can that are usually followed by 'to' (want to, decide to…).

Grammar · Section 2

8–10 min

Gerunds (-ing) vs infinitives (to + verb) after verbs

Quick rule

enjoy/avoid/finish + -ING. want/decide/hope + TO. stop/remember/try can take BOTH, with different meanings.

How it works
  • Some verbs are followed by a GERUND (-ing form), some by a TO-INFINITIVE, and a small group can take either — with a real change in meaning.
  • (1) VERB + -ING: enjoy, avoid, finish, mind, suggest, imagine, practise, give up, keep on. 'I enjoy running.' 'She avoided answering the question.' (2) VERB + TO-INFINITIVE: want, decide, hope, plan, promise, manage, agree, refuse, learn, offer. 'They decided to leave early.' 'I hope to visit soon.' (3) VERBS WITH TWO MEANINGS: STOP + -ing = end an activity ('He stopped smoking' = he no longer smokes).
  • STOP + to-infinitive = pause in order to do something else ('He stopped to smoke' = he paused what he was doing in order to have a cigarette).
  • REMEMBER + -ing = recall a past event ('I remember locking the door' = a memory of having done it).
  • REMEMBER + to-infinitive = not forget a future duty ('Remember to lock the door' = don't forget, it's still ahead of you).
  • TRY + -ing = experiment with a method ('Try adding more salt').
  • TRY + to-infinitive = make an effort at something difficult ('I tried to open the jar but couldn't').
  • (4) GERUNDS AFTER PREPOSITIONS: a preposition is always followed by -ing, never the infinitive: 'interested IN learning', 'good AT cooking', 'instead OF waiting', 'after finishing the report'.
When to use
  • -ing after verbs like enjoy, avoid, finish, mind, suggest, practise, give up.
  • to-infinitive after verbs like want, decide, hope, plan, promise, manage, agree, refuse.
  • stop + -ing = end a habit/activity. stop + to = pause to do something else.
  • remember/forget + -ing = about the past. remember/forget + to = about a duty still ahead.
  • Always -ing straight after a preposition (in, at, of, after, instead of, without).
Subject + verb + (-ing or to + verb)
I / She / Wesubject
enjoy / decided / stoppedmain verb
swimming / to leave / to smokegerund or infinitive

e.g. She decided to stop eating meat.

Compare
Verb+ -ing meaning+ to-infinitive meaning
stopend an activity: stopped smokingpause to do something else: stopped to smoke
rememberrecall a past action: remember locking itnot forget a duty: remember to lock it
tryexperiment with a method: try adding sugarmake an effort at something hard: try to open it
In action

I enjoy reading before bed. (verb + -ing)

She decided to change careers. (verb + to-infinitive)

We stopped talking when the teacher walked in. (stopped an activity)

We stopped to talk to an old friend. (paused in order to talk)

I remember meeting him at a conference years ago. (memory of the past)

Please remember to send the invoice. (don't forget — future duty)

She's interested in learning Portuguese. (preposition + -ing)

Common mistake

Not this

I'm interested to learn French.

Say this

I'm interested in learning French.

After a preposition (here, 'in'), you must use -ing, never the to-infinitive.

Memory tip

-ING often follows verbs about ENJOYING or FINISHING something already happening. TO often follows verbs about a FUTURE PLAN or WISH.

Natural English

In fast speech, 'stop to' and 'stopped to' are said clearly and slightly slower than 'stop doing', because the meaning genuinely changes — native speakers stress this distinction to avoid confusion.

Question 1.Which sentence means 'he no longer smokes'?

Question 2.Which is correct after a preposition?

Question 3.Which verb pattern is correct?

Question 4.Which sentence means 'don't forget, it's still ahead of you'?

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.
Conversation Builder
Say it naturally

Build the sentence → spot the natural chunks → say it aloud → reply like a real conversation.

1.Rebuild the sentence — then say it aloud.

Step 1 · Build
Tap words below to build the sentence…

2.Rebuild the sentence — then say it aloud.

Step 1 · Build
Tap words below to build the sentence…

3.Rebuild the sentence — then say it aloud.

Step 1 · Build
Tap words below to build the sentence…

4.Rebuild the sentence — then say it aloud.

Step 1 · Build
Tap words below to build the sentence…

Quick check 1.Choose the correct form: 'They finished ____ dinner.'

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.

Vocabulary · Section 3

5–7 min

Words & phrases to learn

1

Procrastinate

delay or postpone doing something

In context

"I always procrastinate finishing my reports."

Now try it yourself

Name something you tend to procrastinate doing.

2

Give up

stop trying or doing something permanently

In context

"He gave up drinking coffee last year."

Now try it yourself

Describe something you gave up doing, using -ing.

3

Manage to

succeed in doing something difficult

In context

"We managed to finish the project on time."

Now try it yourself

Say something you managed to do this week.

4

Look forward to

feel excited about something in the future

In context

"I'm looking forward to seeing you again."

Now try it yourself

Say what you're looking forward to doing this weekend.

5

Get used to

become familiar with something over time

In context

"She's getting used to working from home."

Now try it yourself

Describe something you're getting used to doing.

6

Put off

delay doing something until later

In context

"Don't put off replying to that email any longer."

Now try it yourself

Name a task you've been putting off.

7

Insist on

demand firmly that something happens

In context

"He insisted on paying for dinner."

Now try it yourself

Describe something someone once insisted on doing.

8

Feel like

want or fancy doing something at that moment

In context

"I don't feel like cooking tonight."

Now try it yourself

Say what you feel like doing right now.

Make it yours
Use the new words

Pick at least three words from above and use each one in a sentence about your real life. Say each one aloud before you write.

Quick exchange

Ask your teacher (or a partner) a question that uses one of today's words. They reply using a different word.

Ranking

Rank today's words from most to least useful for you this week. Defend your top choice.

Opinion

Finish: "Honestly, I'd say…" using one of today's words.

Tip: aim to reuse at least two of these words later in the Speaking and Writing tasks.

Matching
Match each expression to its meaning.

Tap an item on the left, then tap its match on the right.

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.
Categorise
Sort by pattern.
Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.

Pronunciation · Section 4

3–4 min

Weak 'to' /tə/ before infinitives; stress shift in stop + to vs stop + -ing

In fast connected speech, the infinitive marker 'to' is almost always weak: /tə/, not /tuː/. 'Decided to leave' sounds like 'decided tə leave'. However, when the meaning depends on distinguishing STOP + to-infinitive from STOP + -ing, speakers often give slightly more stress and a small pause before 'to', to make the purpose clause clear: 'We stopped — to talk.' Without that small pause, listeners may assume you mean 'we stopped talking'.

  • • She deCIded tə LEAVE early.
  • • I'm HOping tə VISit soon.
  • • We STOPPED — to TALK to a friend. (pause before 'to')
  • • He STOPPED SMOking last year. (no pause, single idea)

Reading · Section 5

8–10 min

The habit I finally managed to break

For years I avoided admitting I had a problem: I couldn't stop checking my phone, even mid-conversation, even in bed at two in the morning. I told myself I was just keeping up with messages, but really I'd got used to interrupting everything I was doing to glance at a screen that rarely had anything urgent on it.

What finally made me try changing was a small, almost embarrassing moment. A friend stopped talking mid-sentence, looked at me, and said, 'You just checked your phone while I was telling you about my dad.' I remember feeling genuinely ashamed — not because she was angry, but because I hadn't even noticed doing it.

So I decided to experiment. I didn't try to give up my phone completely; that felt unrealistic and, frankly, unnecessary. Instead, I practised leaving it in another room during meals and conversations. The first week was hard — I kept imagining messages piling up, and I found myself inventing reasons to go and check. But gradually, I stopped reaching for it automatically, and started noticing how much longer conversations lasted when nobody was glancing sideways every few minutes.

The strangest part is what I gained by giving something up. I finished more books in three months than I had in the previous two years. I remembered conversations in more detail. I even managed to sit through an entire dinner without once feeling that low, itchy urge to check anything. None of this required willpower in the dramatic sense people imagine — it required deciding on one small rule and refusing to negotiate with myself about it, meal after meal, day after day.

I'm not claiming to have solved anything permanently. Old habits are patient; they wait for a tired evening to creep back in. But I've stopped pretending the problem doesn't exist, and that, it turns out, was the part I'd been avoiding all along.

Question 1.What moment made the writer decide to change their habit?

Question 2.What specific rule did the writer practise?

Question 3.What can we infer the writer means by 'old habits are patient'?

Question 4.What does the writer suggest was the real 'part they'd been avoiding'?

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.
True / False
Decide if each statement is True or False

Q1.The writer decided to give up their phone completely.

Q2.The writer finished more books after changing the habit.

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.

Listening · Section 6

8–10 min

A conversation about breaking and building habits

Listening audio

Tap play to listen. Replay as many times as you need.

Show transcript

Sam:I finally managed to quit sugar in my coffee. Two weeks now.

Nina:Wow. How did you stop craving it?

Sam:Honestly, I just decided to stop adding it cold turkey. The first few days were awful — I kept imagining it'd taste better with sugar.

Nina:I remember trying that once. I gave up after about three days.

Sam:I nearly did too. I remember standing in the kitchen at seven in the morning, seriously considering giving in.

Nina:What stopped you?

Sam:I stopped to think about why I actually wanted to do it — not just for health, but because I hated needing something to get through the morning.

Nina:That's fair. I've been meaning to try cutting something out too. I keep putting it off though.

Sam:What would you try giving up?

Nina:Probably scrolling before bed. I always tell myself I'll stop reading just one more thing, and then it's an hour later.

Sam:Try leaving your phone in the kitchen overnight. That's what worked for a friend of mine.

Nina:I might try that. Though I'll admit, I do enjoy reading in bed — just not on a screen.

Sam:Fair enough. Just remember to actually try it before deciding it won't work.

Nina:Deal. I'll report back next week.

Question 1.What habit has Sam managed to quit?

Question 2.Why does Sam say they stopped to think, rather than giving in that morning?

Question 3.What can we infer about Nina's attempt to cut out sugar in the past?

Question 4.What does Sam suggest Nina should do about scrolling before bed?

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.
Tick what you hear
Tick the verb patterns you hear.
Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.

Exam tip · Section 7

5 min

Speaking & Writing — Cambridge B1 Preliminary / B2 First, personal experience and habits

Task

Speak or write for 90 seconds/130 words about a habit you changed. Use at least 6 verb + gerund/infinitive patterns, including at least one use of stop, remember or try where the meaning depends on the pattern chosen.

Strategy

Examiners look for accurate, varied verb patterns rather than repeated simple structures. (1) Plan two -ing verbs and two to-infinitive verbs before you start speaking. (2) If you use stop/remember/try, make the context clear so the meaning is unambiguous. (3) Use at least one preposition + -ing (interested in, good at, instead of). (4) Avoid overusing 'want to' — vary with hope to, plan to, decide to, manage to.

Example

I used to put off exercising every single day. I finally decided to try joining a running club, mostly because I was tired of avoiding the problem. The first weeks were hard — I remember dreading getting up early — but I kept going, and eventually I stopped needing an alarm to get me moving. I'm now looking forward to running my first ten-kilometre race, something I never imagined myself doing.

Practice · Section 8

8–10 min

Fill in the blank

Question 1.I enjoy ____ in the mountains every summer.

Question 2.They decided ____ their trip until next month.

Question 3.He stopped ____ smoking two years ago and hasn't touched a cigarette since.

Question 4.While driving, we stopped ____ some petrol.

Question 5.She's not very good ____ speaking in public.

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.
Sentence transformation
Say it naturally

There isn't one "right" answer — write a natural version, then compare with the model.

Q1.Say something you enjoy doing, using -ing.

Q2.Say something you've decided to do, using to + infinitive.

Q3.Use 'stop + to-infinitive' to describe pausing to do something.

Q4.Use a preposition + -ing to describe an interest.

Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.

Writing · Section 9

5 min

Put it in writing

Your task

Write a 140–170 word blog-style post about a habit you'd like to change. Use at least 6 verb + gerund/infinitive patterns, including at least one contrast between stop/remember/try + -ing versus + to-infinitive, and one preposition + -ing structure.

Your answer

Your work saves automatically

0 words

Show model answer

I've always been interested in reading more, but somehow I keep putting it off in favour of scrolling on my phone. Last month I finally decided to try changing that, one small rule at a time. I started by refusing to check my phone before finishing at least one chapter each evening. The first few nights I remember lying there, tempted to give in, but I forced myself to try reading just five more minutes each time. Eventually I stopped needing that reminder altogether — reading simply became the thing I reached for. I'm not claiming I've given up my phone; I haven't, and I don't plan to. But I've managed to shift the order of things, and that alone has made a difference. If you're hoping to build a similar habit, my advice is simple: don't try to change everything at once. Just remember to start with one small rule, and be patient with yourself while it becomes automatic.

Speaking · Section 10

10–15 min

Make it a real conversation

Interview your partner about habits: one they enjoy, one they've given up, one they're trying to build, and one they keep putting off. You must use at least 6 different verb patterns across the conversation, including a correct use of stop, remember or try with the meaning made clear.

Useful phrases

  • • Have you ever managed to give up…?
  • • What do you enjoy doing…?
  • • Did you ever try…?
  • • I keep putting off…
  • • Remember to… / I remember…

Speaking reflection & notes

Your work saves automatically

0 words

Dialogue completion
Choose the most natural reply.
  • AHave you managed to cut down on coffee at all?
  • B_______________
  • AThat's impressive. Was it hard?
  • B_______________
  • AWhat helped you stick with it?
  • B_______________
Answer all items, then check — or reveal the answers if you're stuck.

Homework · Section 11

Take-home

Take it home

grammar

Write 10 sentences about your own habits using 10 different verbs, half followed by -ing and half by to + infinitive.

speaking

Record yourself speaking for one minute about a habit you're trying to change, using stop, remember or try correctly at least once.

reading

Find 5 sentences with verb patterns in an article or podcast transcript. Note whether each verb takes -ing, to + infinitive, or either.

Homework notes

Your work saves automatically

0 words

Recap · Section 12

2–3 min

What you've learned

  • enjoy/avoid/finish/mind/suggest + -ING.
  • want/decide/hope/plan/promise/manage + TO + infinitive.
  • stop, remember and try can take both — but the meaning changes.
  • A preposition is always followed by -ing, never a to-infinitive.
  • In speech, 'to' is usually weak (/tə/), but a small pause before 'to' can signal a change of meaning after stop.

Extra Practice

Need more practice?

Practise the grammar, vocabulary and speaking from this lesson.

Extra Practice · Lesson 35